Upcoming Events
and Holidays
See an interfaith program missing below? Submit your event here and we’ll look at adding it to our calendar!
Weekend Retreat: Caring for Our Common Home
Our precious Earth is calling us to pause and listen. Her beauty and abundance are gifts that sustain us, yet our modern ways of living often pull us away from the ancient rhythms and deep connections that nurture both the planet and our souls. This silent retreat offers a gentle invitation to step back, reconnect with creation, and open our hearts to an ecological awakening.
Through the wisdom of the Hebrew Scriptures, the Christian Gospels, the poetry of Rumi and Mary Oliver, and the writings of visionaries like Sufi scholar Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee, Elizabeth Johnson, and Teilhard de Chardin, S.J., we’ll explore creation spirituality—blending ancient wisdom with modern insights.
From October 17-19 take this opportunity to leave behind the noise of daily life and immerse yourself in the stillness of nature, scripture, and reflection. Together, let us renew our commitment to compassionate care for God’s creation, for ourselves and for the generations to come.
This is a silent retreat. Guests are expected to maintain a sacred silence throughout the retreat, including at meals, unless otherwise noted.
Learn more and register at https://ignatiushouse.org/calendar/weekend-retreat-caring-for-our-common-home-oct2025/.
Diwali
Diwali, also known as the Festival of Lights, is a major Hindu celebration that symbolizes the triumph of light over darkness and good over evil. Observed with vibrant festivities, families light oil lamps, set off fireworks, exchange sweets, and decorate their homes to honor the goddess Lakshmi and welcome prosperity and new beginnings.
Bandi Chhor Divas
Bandi Chhor Divas, meaning “Day of Liberation,” is a Sikh holiday that commemorates the release of Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji, the sixth Sikh Guru, from imprisonment in the 17th century. He secured not only his own freedom but also that of 52 Hindu kings who were unjustly detained, symbolizing justice and compassion. Sikhs mark the occasion with prayers, kirtan, and lighting of homes and gurdwaras to honor spiritual freedom and equality.
Birth of the Bab
The Birth of the Báb is one of the two Twin Holy Birthdays celebrated by Bahá’ís, usually in October or November, based on the Bahá’í lunar calendar. The Báb, born in 1819 in Shiraz, Iran, was the forerunner and herald of Bahá’u’lláh, preparing the way for the Bahá’í Faith. The day is observed with joyful community gatherings, prayers, music, and reflection on the Báb’s life, mission, and message of spiritual renewal.
Birth of the Baha’u’llah
The Birth of Bahá’u’lláh, founder of the Bahá’í Faith, is celebrated on one of the Twin Holy Birthdays, usually in October or November, based on the Bahá’í lunar calendar. Born in 1817 in Tehran, Iran, Bahá’u’lláh is honored for his teachings on unity, peace, and the oneness of humanity. The day is marked with joyful gatherings, prayers, music, and reflection on his life and message.
Georgia Interfaith Public Policy Center Legislative Conference 2025
The annual Legislative Conference will be held on October 23, 2025, from 10 am to 4 pm at Oak Grove United Methodist Church. It will feature presentations from interfaith advocates and policy experts ahead of the 2026 legislative session. There will also be a county-by-county planning session on how to jumpstart the most critical work in our communities.
Learn more and register at https://georgiainterfaithcenter.org/event/gippc-legislative-conference-2025/.
Wisdom for the Storms: Healing Black Trauma with the Land
In preparation for the climate changes ahead, Atlanta faith leaders are invited to “Wisdom for the Storms,” a community conversation series remembering ancestral survival wisdoms.
Our first session will take place on Thursday, Oct. 23, from 7- 9 p.m. at the West Atlanta Watershed Alliance Outdoor Activity Center.
This opening conversation, “Healing Black Trauma with the Land,” led by Rev. Dr. Jamie Eaddy, is an altar call for those ready to mend and expand their relationship with all of Creation—a sacred relationship torn asunder by the evils of colonialism and chattel slavery.
Whether you are clergy or lay, already an environmental justice activist or still hesitant to touch grass, you are invited. You are welcome. You are called.
This conversation is in partnership with the Food and Land Institute of the Interdenominational Theological Center (ITC). Space is limited. Register below today. Dinner will be provided.
Learn more at https://gipl.org/events/wisdomforthestorms/10232025#eaddy.
Children's Sabbath Interfaith Observance
When faiths come together, Beloved Community becomes possible.
Step into sacred space where prayers rise, voices unite, and children lead the way. The Interfaith Children’s Observance Service at Big Bethel AME Church is the heart of Children’s Sabbath Month, a time when faith communities across traditions gather to lift Georgia’s children in hope, healing, and commitment.
Expect soul-stirring prayers, prophetic preaching, and the powerful presence of our youngest advocates. This is not just worship, it’s a gathering of the Beloved Community.
Invite your faith communities, neighbors, family, and friends. Come be renewed, inspired, and recommitted to the vision of a Georgia where all children thrive.
To register please visit: https://www.mobilize.us/icmgeorgia/event/851138/?referring_vol=11415158&share_context=dashboard-event-details&sharer_role=2.
CompassionCon
CompassionCon is an annual outdoor celebration that brings together people of all ages to experience the vibrant ecosystem of a compassionate community. Held at the historic Legacy Park in Decatur, this fun, fall festival invites neighbors, families, and organizations to connect through shared values of kindness, justice, and inclusion.
Step into a landscape of compassion—an ecosystem of 15 immersive “neighborhoods” designed to explore the many ways compassion can live in our communities: through storytelling, food, healing, creativity, environmental care, civic engagement, and joyful play.
This intergenerational gathering is a space where peaceful words and actions are practiced, celebrated, and amplified. Whether you're learning about herbal remedies in the Learning Lab, connecting with changemakers in the Civil Rights Town Center, or simply enjoying the laughter of kids in the Children’s Play Space—you belong here.
CompassionCon is more than a festival—it’s how we grow the roots of an inclusive, connected, and kindhearted Georgia. With 100+ vendors and up to 1500 guests, this event shows us how we build our interconnectedness and value our common humanity throughout our communities.
Come discover organizations that center compassion in their work. Come meet your neighbors. Get civically engaged. Come help us build the future we want to live in—together. This is how we change the systems in which we live! This is how we change the world, one community at a time.
Learn more, become a sponsor, register your table, or sign up to volunteer at https://compassioncon.org/.
All Saints’ Day
All Saints Day, celebrated on November 1, is a Christian holiday honoring all known and unknown saints who have led holy lives and now dwell in the presence of God. It is a day to recognize the spiritual legacy and examples of these individuals across time and cultures. The celebration often includes attending church services, prayers, and reflections on living a life of faith and virtue.
Día de los Muertos
Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, is a Mexican holiday celebrated on November 1st and 2nd to honor and remember loved ones who have passed away. Families create colorful altars, or ofrendas, decorated with photos, candles, marigolds, and favorite foods of the deceased to welcome their spirits back for a brief visit. Rather than a time of mourning, it is a joyful celebration of life and memory, blending Indigenous traditions with Catholic influences.
All Souls Day
All Souls Day is a Christian day of remembrance for all the faithful departed. It is a time to pray for the souls of loved ones who have passed away, especially those in purgatory, according to Catholic tradition. The day is marked by church services, visiting cemeteries, and lighting candles in honor of the dead.
Birthday of Guru Nanak Dev Sahi
The Birthday of Guru Nanak Dev Sahib, also known as Guru Nanak Gurpurab, celebrates the birth of the founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. It usually falls in November and is one of the most important festivals in the Sikh calendar. The day is marked with prayers, singing of hymns, processions, and community service, honoring Guru Nanak’s teachings of equality, compassion, and devotion to one God.
First Five Freedoms
You are invited to join fellow faith and civic leaders from across our city and state to learn more about First Five Freedoms, a new organization dedicated to providing a space where all Americans, no matter their faith or politics, can find common ground:
Celebrating our First Amendment rights
Protecting those rights when threatened
Calling out political violence
Join us at Ebenezer Baptist Church, 101 Jackson St. NE Atlanta, GA 30312 on Friday, November 7th. Please RSVP to Andrew Lewis at andrewlewis.decatur@gmail.com.
Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib
The Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib honors the ninth Guru of Sikhism, who sacrificed his life in 1675 to protect religious freedom. He was executed by the Mughal emperor for standing against the forced conversion of Hindus, symbolizing courage, spiritual strength, and the defense of human rights. Sikhs commemorate the day with prayers, kirtan (devotional singing), and reflection on his legacy of selflessness and justice.
Feast of Christ the King
The Feast of Christ the King is a Christian celebration observed on the last Sunday of the liturgical year, just before Advent begins. It honors the sovereignty of Jesus Christ over all creation and emphasizes his role as a just and loving ruler. The day encourages reflection on Christ’s reign in our lives and calls believers to live in accordance with his teachings of peace, justice, and compassion.
Day of the Covenant
The Day of the Covenant honors ʻAbdu’l-Bahá’s unique role as the appointed interpreter and center of Bahá’u’lláh’s teachings in the Bahá’í Faith. It commemorates the covenant that ensures unity and guidance within the Bahá’í community after Bahá’u’lláh’s passing. The day is observed with joyful gatherings, prayers, and reflections on ʻAbdu’l-Bahá’s life of service and devotion.
Ascension of Abdu’l-Baha
The Ascension of ʻAbdu’l-Bahá is observed on November 28 and commemorates the passing of ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, the son of Bahá’u’lláh and a central figure in the Bahá’í Faith. He is remembered for his life of service, humility, and efforts to promote peace and unity around the world. Bahá’ís mark the day with prayers, readings, and reflection on his teachings and legacy.
St. Andrew’s Feast Day
St. Andrew’s Feast Day is celebrated in honor of St. Andrew, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and the patron saint of Scotland, Greece, and several other countries. The day is marked by religious services, cultural traditions, and, in Scotland, festive events that celebrate national heritage. It emphasizes faith, discipleship, and the importance of spreading the message of hope and compassion.
Advent
Advent is a season in the Christian calendar that begins four Sundays before Christmas and marks a time of anticipation and preparation for the birth of Jesus Christ. It is observed with themes of hope, peace, joy, and love, often symbolized by the lighting of candles on an Advent wreath each week. Many Christians use this time for reflection, prayer, and acts of kindness as they await the celebration of Christmas.
Feast of St. Francis Xavier
The Feast of St. Francis Xavier is celebrated on December 3 and honors the Spanish Jesuit missionary known for his extensive work spreading Christianity in Asia during the 16th century. He was a co-founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and is considered the patron saint of missions. The day is marked by special prayers, Masses, and reflections on evangelism, service, and global faith outreach.
Feast of the Immaculate Conception
The Feast of the Immaculate Conception, celebrated on December 8, honors the Catholic belief that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. It is a holy day of obligation for Catholics, marked by attending Mass and reflecting on Mary’s purity and role in the story of salvation. The day emphasizes grace, divine favor, and the preparation for the birth of Jesus.
Bodhi Day
Bodhi Day, celebrated on December 8 by many Buddhists, honors the day Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment and became the Buddha. It is a time for reflection, meditation, and studying the Dharma (Buddha’s teachings). Observances often include chanting, acts of kindness, and quiet contemplation to deepen spiritual understanding and inner peace.
Feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe
The Feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe is celebrated on December 12 and honors the appearance of the Virgin Mary to Saint Juan Diego in 1531 near Mexico City. It is a significant religious and cultural event, especially in Mexico and among Mexican communities worldwide. The day is marked with Masses, processions, traditional music, and vibrant celebrations that express devotion, gratitude, and cultural pride.
Interfaith Atlanta Winter Lights Festival
Please join us in a celebration of light this year at our annual Interfaith Winter Lights Festival! The event will take place on Saturday, December 13th from 4:00 p.m.-6:00 p.m. at Emory University’s Canon Chapel. We will have a collection of poems, songs, and stories presented by local artists and practitioners as well as time for fellowship and dialogue to follow. We will also be collecting non-perishable items for the Eagle Food Pantry for Emory students. Most needed items are dry pasta, pasta sauce, peanut butter, jelly, oatmeal, canned beans, and canned soup. Parking will be available at the Oxford Parking Deck: 1390 Oxford Rd NE. We hope to see you there!
Hanukkah
Hanukkah is an eight-day Jewish holiday that celebrates the rededication of the Second Temple and the miracle of the oil that lasted eight days. Each night, a candle is lit on the menorah, and traditions include playing dreidel, eating foods fried in oil, and spending time with family. The holiday honors themes of faith, resilience, and light in times of darkness.
Yule
Yule is a winter solstice celebration with ancient roots in Germanic and Norse traditions, marking the longest night of the year and the return of the sun. Traditionally, it includes lighting the Yule log, feasting, and honoring nature and ancestral spirits. Today, Yule is celebrated by many in pagan and Wiccan communities as a time of renewal, reflection, and connection to the rhythms of the earth.
Christmas
Christmas is a Christian holiday celebrated on December 25 that commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ. It is marked by traditions such as gift-giving, decorating Christmas trees, sharing meals, and spending time with loved ones. The holiday also carries themes of joy, generosity, and peace.
Kwanzaa
Kwanzaa is a week-long cultural celebration that takes place from December 26 to January 1, honoring African American heritage, community, and shared values. Created in 1966 by Dr. Maulana Karenga, Kwanzaa is rooted in African traditions and is centered around the Nguzo Saba, or Seven Principles: Unity, Self-Determination, Collective Work and Responsibility, Cooperative Economics, Purpose, Creativity, and Faith. Each day focuses on one of these principles, symbolized by the lighting of a candle on the kinara. The holiday is marked by gatherings that include music, dance, storytelling, and feasts, offering a meaningful opportunity for reflection, cultural pride, and a reaffirmation of commitment to the well-being and strength of the community.
Fetzer's "Shared Sacred Story" Launch at Naropa University
Join us for the launch of the Fetzer Institute's Shared Sacred Story project launch in Boulder, Colorado, inviting the human family to unite under a common story, the story of who we are as one global human family, connected in love, even across our differences.
Fetzer invited nine teams of scholar-practitioners to tell the stories of their religious traditions—Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, etc.—in a fictional format as a gift back to the world, and then to create a common sacred story of humanity.
This event will feature the leaders of the Buddhist, Hindu, and Interspiritual teams:
Acharya Dr. Judith Simmer-Brown, Buddhist Team
Dr. Ananatanand Rambachan, Hindu Team
Pir Netanel Miles-Yepez, Interspiritual Team
Dr. Rory McEntee, Interspiritual Team
Come witness a dialogue of collaborative narratives, reminding us all of the power of storytelling as a path towards pluralism and unity. This event is offered both in person and online. We hope you will join us!
Simchat Torah
Simchat Torah is a joyful Jewish holiday that marks the completion of the annual cycle of Torah readings and the beginning of a new cycle. Celebrated immediately after Sukkot, it is filled with singing, dancing, and parading the Torah scrolls around the synagogue. The holiday expresses deep love and reverence for the Torah and the ongoing commitment to its teachings.
Shemini Atzeret
Shemini Atzeret is a Jewish holiday that follows the seven days of Sukkot and is considered a separate yet connected festival. It is a time of spiritual reflection and prayer for rain (in Israel), marking the start of the agricultural season. While it lacks specific rituals like the sukkah or lulav, it emphasizes the intimate relationship between the Jewish people and God.
Sukkot
Sukkot is a week-long Jewish festival that commemorates the Israelites' journey through the desert after the Exodus from Egypt, living in temporary shelters. It is celebrated by building and dwelling in a sukkah, a hut-like structure, and by waving the lulav and etrog, symbols of the harvest and unity. Sukkot is a joyful time that emphasizes gratitude, hospitality, and connection to nature and community.
Yom Kippur
Yom Kippur, also known as the Day of Atonement, is the holiest day in the Jewish calendar and is dedicated to repentance, reflection, and forgiveness. It is observed with a 25-hour fast, prayer, and attending synagogue services, where individuals seek to atone for their sins and start the new year with a clean slate. The day emphasizes spiritual renewal, humility, and reconciliation with oneself, others, and God.
Rosh Hashanah
Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish New Year, marking the beginning of the High Holy Days and a time of reflection, renewal, and hope. It is traditionally celebrated with festive meals, the sounding of the shofar (ram’s horn), and prayers for a sweet and meaningful year ahead. The holiday invites introspection, setting intentions, and seeking forgiveness as the new year begins.
Mawlid-al-Nabi
Mawlid al-Nabi, also known as the Prophet Muhammad’s birthday, is an Islamic holiday that commemorates the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, usually observed in the third month of the Islamic lunar calendar, Rabi' al-Awwal. Celebrations vary by community and can include special prayers, storytelling about the Prophet’s life, communal meals, and acts of charity. The day honors Muhammad’s teachings, character, and his role as the final messenger of Islam.
Paryushan
Paryushan is one of the most important festivals in Jainism, observed over 8–10 days (depending on the sect), and focuses on spiritual reflection, nonviolence, and self-discipline. During this time, Jains engage in fasting, prayer, meditation, and reading of sacred texts, culminating in a day of forgiveness known as Samvatsari. The festival encourages introspection, ethical living, and seeking forgiveness from others with the phrase "Micchami Dukkadam", meaning "may all the wrongs done be forgiven.
Krishna Janmashtami
Krishna Janmashtami is a Hindu festival celebrating the birth of Lord Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu, who is revered for his wisdom, compassion, and divine playfulness. It is observed with fasting, devotional singing, reenactments of Krishna’s life, and midnight celebrations marking the time of his birth. The festival is filled with joy, dance, and prayer, reflecting love and devotion to Krishna.
Feast of the Assumption of Mary
The Feast of the Assumption of Mary honors the belief that the Virgin Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life. It is a major holy day in the Catholic Church and is often marked by attending Mass, processions, and prayers. The day reflects themes of hope, purity, and the promise of eternal life.
Tisha B’av
Tisha B’av is a solemn Jewish fast day that commemorates the destruction of the First and Second Temples in Jerusalem, along with other tragedies in Jewish history. It is observed with a 25-hour fast, mourning rituals, the reading of the Book of Lamentations, and sitting on the floor or low stools in grief. The day reflects themes of loss, exile, and the hope for future redemption and rebuilding.
Feast of St. Ignatius Loyola
The Feast of St. Ignatius of Loyola is a Christian celebration honoring the founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and his contributions to spiritual growth and education. Observed on July 31, it commemorates his devotion to God, his development of the Spiritual Exercises, and his lasting impact on faith and learning.
Martyrdom of the Bab
The Martyrdom of the Báb is a solemn Bahá’í holy day commemorating the execution of the Báb, the forerunner of Bahá’u’lláh, in Tabriz, Persia, on July 9, 1850. Observed with prayers and reflection, it honors his sacrifice and the resilience of his message, which paved the way for the Bahá’í Faith.
Ashura
The Day of Ashura, observed on the 10th of Muharram in the Islamic lunar calendar, holds deep spiritual and historical significance for Muslims. It commemorates the miraculous deliverance of Prophet Moses and the Israelites from Pharaoh’s tyranny. For Muslims, it is also a solemn day of mourning, marking the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, who stood against injustice in the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE. Many Muslims fast on this day, following the tradition of the Prophet, and engage in worship, charity, and remembrance. Ashura offers an opportunity for reflection, resilience, and shared values across faiths—standing for justice, patience, and trust in God.
Feast of Saints Peter and Paul
The Feast of Saints Peter and Paul is a Christian celebration honoring the martyrdom and spiritual legacy of St. Peter, the first pope, and St. Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles. Observed on June 29, it commemorates their foundational roles in spreading Christianity and strengthening the early Church.
Solemnity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
The Solemnity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus is a Christian feast honoring Jesus’ deep and boundless love for humanity, symbolized by His heart. Celebrated on the Friday after Corpus Christi, it is observed with special prayers, Masses, and acts of devotion emphasizing Christ’s mercy and compassion.
Nativity of St. John the Baptist
The Nativity of St. John the Baptist is a Christian feast celebrating the birth of John the Baptist, the prophet who prepared the way for Jesus Christ. Observed on June 24, it honors his role in calling people to repentance and his significance in salvation history.
Corpus Christi Sunday
Corpus Christi Sunday is a Christian feast celebrating the real presence of Jesus Christ in the Eucharist. Observed with special Masses, processions, and adoration, it is a day of devotion and gratitude for the sacrament of Holy Communion.
Trinity Sunday
Trinity Sunday is a Christian feast celebrating the doctrine of the Holy Trinity—God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Observed on the Sunday after Pentecost, it is a day of reflection on the mystery of God’s triune nature and His presence in the world.
Pentecost
Pentecost is a Christian holiday commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the apostles, as described in the Book of Acts, marking the birth of the Christian Church. Celebrated 50 days after Easter, it is observed with special church services, prayers, and reflections on the themes of spiritual renewal, unity, and the spread of the Gospel.
Eid-ul-Adha
Eid-ul-Adha, also known as the Festival of Sacrifice, is an important Islamic holiday commemorating Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience to God. Celebrated with special prayers, the ritual sacrifice of animals, and acts of charity, it emphasizes faith, devotion, and generosity towards others.
Shavuot
Shavuot is a Jewish holiday celebrating the giving of the Torah to the Israelites at Mount Sinai, seven weeks after Passover. It is observed with all-night study sessions, reading the Book of Ruth, festive meals featuring dairy foods, and decorating homes and synagogues with greenery to honor the season and the gift of the Torah.
Ascension of Bahá’u’lláh
The Ascension of Bahá’u’lláh is a sacred Bahá’í holy day commemorating the passing of Bahá’u’lláh, the founder of the Bahá’í Faith, on May 29, 1892. Observed with prayers and reflective gatherings, it honors His life, teachings of unity and peace, and His spiritual legacy for humanity.
Declaration of the Bab
The Declaration of the Báb is a significant Bahá'í holy day commemorating the moment in 1844 when the Báb announced His role as the herald of a new divine messenger, Bahá’u’lláh. Observed with prayers, storytelling, and reflection, the day celebrates themes of spiritual awakening, renewal, and the beginning of the Bahá'í Faith.
Vesak
Vesak, also known as Buddha Day, is the most significant Buddhist festival, commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and passing of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. Celebrated with prayers, meditation, acts of kindness, and community gatherings, it honors the Buddha’s teachings of compassion, wisdom, and the path to enlightenment.
Trees Atlanta @ Atlanta Memorial Park
Join Interfaith Atlanta’s Faith In Action with Trees Atlanta on April 26th from 9 am -12 pm! We will be removing invasive plants in Atlanta Memorial Park!
Help promote a healthy plant community and a sustainable forest in Atlanta Memorial Park. Your work will improve habitat for humans who use the greenspace for recreation and wildlife that call it home. Activities include removing invasive plants such as Chinese privet, Rose of Sharon, and Eleagnus in a densely wooded area off trail. Please wear long pants, a long-sleeved shirt, and closed toe shoes or boots you don't mind getting dirty! Physical activity such as bending, pulling, lifting, and kneeling is required. Forest restoration can be physically strenuous - be ready to break a sweat and get dirty and learn a lot while doing it!
Rivdan
Ridván is the holiest festival in the Bahá’í Faith, commemorating the 12 days in 1863 when Bahá’u’lláh, the founder of the faith, declared his mission as God's messenger in the Garden of Ridván. Celebrated with prayers, community gatherings, and reflection, it emphasizes themes of renewal, unity, and spiritual transformation.
Easter
Easter is a major Christian holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, symbolizing hope, renewal, and victory over sin and death. Observed with joyful church services, festive meals, and cultural traditions like egg hunts, it marks the culmination of Holy Week and the promise of new life.
Good Friday
Good Friday is a Christian observance commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and his sacrifice for humanity’s redemption. It is a solemn day of prayer, reflection, and fasting, marked by church services, scripture readings, and reenactments of the Passion.